STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD GREENERY ORIGINATING FROM BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

• DOI: 10.37572/EdArt_3010242773

• Palavras-chave: wood greenery, structural characteristics, chemical composition, conifers, deciduous trees

• Keywords: wood greenery, structural characteristics, chemical composition, conifers, deciduous trees

• Abstract:

  The subject of research is wood greenery of beech (Fagus sylvatica), sessile oak (Quercus petraea), black pine (Pinus nigra) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) which remains at cutting areas after regular felling in forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For each species were analyzed structural relations of main components: wooden twigs, bark that covers twigs and green leaves/needles. In addition were analyzed: crude nutrients, macro and micro elements, physiologically active matters and amino acids. The length of a basic twig is one of the features that characterizes wood greenery as raw material. The greatest absolute and average length has wood greenery of beech, followed by oak, spruce and then black pine. In a broader sense, wood greenery of deciduous trees is longer than that of conifers. Most leaves/needles in relation to the weight of the basic twig has spruce, then black pine, oak and beech. In deciduous trees, oscillations in chemical composition were observed in spring and summer. As a rule, the content of chemical elements and compounds takes higher values in spring compared to those in summer, observing that with vitamins, these differences are not large, while with carotene they are emphasized. In conifers, this regularity is less pronounced, when winter and spring are taken as reference seasons. Most parameters have higher values during spring, however, not a negligible number of those whose values are higher during the winter, such as carotene. The highest concentration of amino acids was recorded in oak, followed by beech. Significantly less amino acids were detected in wood greenery of spruce, and least in black pine. Individually, the most abundant amino acid was glutamic acid in the wood greenery of the oak, followed by valine in the wood greenery of the beech. The least represented amino acid in all samples was methionine. From the aspect of production continuity, coniferous wood greenery is of somewhat greater importance because it is available throughout the year, and deciduous wood greenery only during the vegetation season. In practice, these differences can be mitigated by choosing the right schedule of felling operations.